| Fourth Army | |
|---|---|
Djemal Pasha and Fuad Bey (April 1917) |
|
| Active | ?-? 7 September 1914 – 26 September 1918 |
| Country | Ottoman Empire |
| Type | Field Army |
| Garrison/HQ | Baghdad, Damascus |
| Patron | Sultans of the Ottoman Empire |
| Engagements | Sinai and Palestine Campaign (World War I) |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders |
Zeki Pasha (September – 18 November 1914) Djemal Pasha (18 November 1914 – September 1917) Mersinli Djemal Pasha (September 1917 - October 1918) |
The Fourth Army of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Dördüncü Ordu) was one of the field armies of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the middle nineteenth century, during Ottoman military reforms.
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In 1877, it was stationed in Anatolia. It was composed of:[1]
After the Young Turk Revolution and the establishment of the Second Constitutional Era on 3 July 1908, the new government initiated a major military reform. Army headquarters were modernized. The Fourth Army's new operational area was Caucasia and its many troops were scattered along the frontier to keep an eye on the Russian Empire. It commanded the following active divisions and other units:[2]
The Fourth Army also had inspectorate functions for four Redif (reserve) divisions:[3][4]
With further reorganizations of the Ottoman Army, to include the creation of corps level headquarters, by 1911 the Army's headquarters were Baghdad. Before the First Balkan War in 1911, the Army was structured as:[5]
In November 1914, the army was structured as:[6]
In Late April 1915, the 8th Division and 10th Division had been added to VIII Corps.[7]
In Late Summer 1915, January 1916, the army was structured as:[8]
Between August and December 1916, the army was structured as:[9]
In August 1917, the army was structured as:[10]
Between January and June 1918, the army was structured as follows:[11]
In September 1918, the army was structured as:[13]
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